History

Abu al-Misk Kafur: The Freed African Slave Who Ruled Egypt and Parts of Syria from 946 to 968

Abu al-Misk Kafur, born in 905, was a black eunuch and freed slave who ascended to the highest echelons of power, ruling Egypt and parts of Syria as the de facto ruler from 946 until his death in 968. Kafur’s...

Jermain Loguen: The Man Who Insulted His Former Enslaver in a Published Letter for Demanding Compensation

In March 1860, Rev. Jermain Wesley Loguen, a formerly enslaved man turned abolitionist, received a shocking letter from Sarah Logue, the wife of his former enslaver. In the letter, Sarah demanded that Loguen either return to her as a...

Freedom’s Eve: How African Americans Celebrated New Year’s Eve in 1862 in Anticipation of Their Emancipation

On December 31, 1862, African Americans across the United States gathered in churches, homes, and secret meeting places, anxiously awaiting the dawn of a new year. This night, known as Freedom’s Eve, was unlike any other in American history....

Ona Judge: The Enslaved Girl Who Escaped from President George Washington’s Household in 1796

Ona Judge Staines, also known as Oney Judge, was an enslaved woman who famously escaped the household of the first president of the United States, George Washington, and became a symbol of resistance against slavery. Ona Judge was born around...

The Slave Experience of Christmas

The Christmas holiday, a time typically associated with joy and festivity, held a complex and multifaceted significance for enslaved Africans across the Americas and the Caribbean. While some slaves embraced the brief moments of relaxation and celebration, others saw...

The Christmas Panic of 1765: How a Slave Revolt Rumor Disrupted Christmas in Charleston

In December 1765, Charleston, South Carolina, was thrown into chaos when rumors of an impending slave insurrection by enslaved Africans disrupted the city’s Christmas festivities. The fear of rebellion cast a shadow over the season’s celebrations, leaving white residents...

Louis Hughes: The Enslaved African American Who Was Bought as a Christmas Gift as a Child

Louis Hughes, was one of the many enslaved African Americans who experienced the horrors of slavery in the United States. Hughes’ story, recounted in his memoir Thirty Years a Slave, reveals the cruelty of a system that dehumanized African...

How Lynching Became Public Events and Black Body Parts Were Turned into Trophies During America’s Jim Crow Era

Lynching was one of the most brutal tools of racial terror in the United States, serving as a public spectacle of white supremacy and a tool of social control over African Americans. Between the late 19th century and well...

Mitchell Daniel: The Black Man Lynched in Georgia for “Talking Too Much” About Another Lynching

On April 27, 1899, in Leesburg, Georgia, Mitchell Daniel, a Black community leader, was lynched by white neighbors in what became another dark chapter of racial terror in the United States. His “crime” was talking too much about the...

Hazel Scott: The Black Singer Who Was Blacklisted for Challenging Racial Discrimination in the US

Hazel Dorothy Scott was a brilliant jazz and classical pianist, actress, as well as a bold advocate for racial equality and justice. Her immense talent, outspoken stance against racial discrimination, and refusal to conform to societal norms ultimately made...
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Le Rôdeur Massacre: The French Slave Ship That Drowned 36 Enslaved Africans for Insurance Money

The Le Rôdeur massacre was the deliberate drowning of 36 enslaved African people by the crew of the French...
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