History

Benjamin Boardley: The Enslaved African Innovator in the U.S. Who Sold His Invention to Buy His Freedom

Benjamin Boardley, an African engineer and inventor born into slavery in March 1830, created a steam engine but was denied a patent by the U.S. government due to his enslaved status. As a result, he was forced to sell...

Pope Nicholas V: The Pope Who Granted Portugal the Right to Enslave Africans in 1452

Pope Nicholas V, born Tommaso Parentucelli in 1397, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1447 until his death in 1455. While his pontificate is remembered for its contributions to art, and...

Eduardo Mondlane: The Mozambican Revolutionary Leader Assassinated by Portugal in 1969

Eduardo Chivambo Mondlane was a revolutionary leader, anthropologist, and co-founder of the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO), whose crucial involvement in Mozambique’s struggle for independence from Portuguese colonial rule ultimately led to his assassination. Born in N’wajahani, in the Mandlakazi district...

Betty Hemings: The Mixed-Race Slave Gifted as a Wedding Present to Thomas Jefferson’s Father-in-Law

Elizabeth Hemings was an enslaved woman who was given as a wedding gift to John Wayles and Martha Eppes, she spent her life in servitude, eventually bearing children with Wayles, one of whom, Sally Hemings, would later gain prominence...

The 1919 Lynching of American Veteran Bud Johnson, Whose Skull Was Shared as a Souvenir

Bud Johnson, was a 34-year-old African American farmer and World War I veteran, who was tortured and killed by a white mob after being falsely accused of assaulting a white woman. His tragic death sent a clear message that,...

The Execution of Phillis: The Enslaved African Burnt at the Stake for Poisoning Her Abusive Enslaver

Phillis, was an enslaved African woman in colonial Massachusetts, who was executed by burning at the stake in 1755. Alongside her with another enslaved man, Mark, she was accused of poisoning her abusive enslaver, John Codman, in retaliation for...

William Gibbons: The African Who Was Enslaved by a Professor at the University of Virginia

William Gibbons, born around 1825 in Albemarle County, Virginia, was an African American who was enslaved by a professor at the University of Virginia.

Harry and Harriette Moore: The First Martyrs of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States

In 1951, Harry and Harriette, were killed in their home when a bomb detonated just under their bedroom. The first martyrs of the civil rights movement in the US

Ruben Um Nyobè: The Anti-Colonialist Cameroonian Leader Assassinated by the French Army in 1958

Ruben Um Nyobè may not be widely known, but he was a significant figure in the African independence movement, fighting passionately for Cameroon’s independence from French colonial rule. His vision for a free and united Cameroon, along with his...

Prince William Ansah: The Ghanaian Prince Sold into Slavery on His Way to School in England

Prince William Ansah's family was one of the most influential in the 18th-century Gold Coast (now Ghana) and they engaged in human trafficking with the English, French, Dutch, and Portuguese. It was a booming business around that era. Prince William...
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The Christmas Panic of 1765: How a Slave Revolt Rumor Disrupted Christmas in Charleston

In December 1765, Charleston, South Carolina, was thrown into chaos when rumors of an impending slave insurrection by enslaved...
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