In colonial Maryland in 1681, a young Irish woman named Eleanor Butler, also known as Irish Nell, made a bold and controversial decision that would forever change her life. At just 16 years old, she defied societal norms by...
During the era of chattel slavery in the United States, Southern states actively suppressed the education of African Americans, both enslaved and free. Alabama, like many other states, recognized literacy as a potential threat to the institution of slavery....
The Society of Jesus, known as the Jesuits, is a Catholic religious order renowned for its commitment to education, missionary work, and theological scholarship. However, their history includes a troubling chapter: the 1838 sale of 272 enslaved Africans to...
Phillis, was an enslaved African woman in colonial Massachusetts, who was executed by burning at the stake in 1755. Alongside her with another enslaved man, Mark, she was accused of poisoning her abusive enslaver, John Codman, in retaliation for...
William Gibbons, born around 1825 in Albemarle County, Virginia, was an African American who was enslaved by a professor at the University of Virginia.
In 1951, Harry and Harriette, were killed in their home when a bomb detonated just under their bedroom. The first martyrs of the civil rights movement in the US
Charles Colcock Jones was a slaveholder, and missionary who dedicated his life to teaching the Christian gospel to enslaved people with the specific goal of making them more obedient and submissive.
During slavery, it was common for families to be torn apart, with husbands, wives, children, and siblings sold to different plantations or regions of the country, sometimes never to see one another again. After gaining their freedom, many of...
In the summer of 1919, a black man named Eli Cooper was lynched in Georgia for allegedly making statements that offended the white community. His words, seen as a threat to the racial hierarchy of the time, ultimately led...
The Clinton Riot of 1875 was a violent racial conflict in Clinton, Mississippi, that erupted during a Republican rally. The initial death toll included five African Americans and three white men; but in the days that followed, the violence...
