History

The Jesus Maria Slave Ship: Remembering Its Cruel Legacy and the Africans It Brutalized

The Jesus Maria was a Spanish slave ship operating in the early 19th century during the height of the transatlantic slave trade. Named after two of Christianity’s most sacred figures, Jesus and Mary, the ship was anything but holy....

Griffiths and Victoria Mxenge: The Couple Assassinated by Apartheid Death Squads for Resisting White Rule in South Africa

From its implementation in 1948 to its dissolution over forty years later, the Apartheid government of South Africa was determined to deny equal rights to its African citizens. Apartheid instituted legal segregation, with its goal being to keep Black...

Cannibalism on the High Seas: The Forgotten Horror of the Arrogante Slave Ship

In 1837, a Portuguese slave ship named Arrogante was intercepted off the coast of Cuba by the British Royal Navy’s HMS Snake. What at first seemed like a typical enforcement of Britain’s anti-slavery patrols soon spiraled into one of...

Lewis C. Robards: The Slave Trader Who Carved Out a Business Selling Lightskin Girls into Sexual Slavery

Lewis C. Robards was a slave trader who ran a slave jail in Lexington, Kentucky, where he became notorious for trafficking what the white slave trade called “fancy girls”, light-skinned Black girls and women who were specifically sold for...

Private Felix Hall: The Black Soldier Lynched on a U.S. Military Base in 1941

On the morning of March 28, 1941, deep in a wooded ravine at Fort Benning, Georgia, the lifeless body of Private Felix Hall was discovered. He had been hanging from a tree by a noose, his hands tied behind...

Léon Rom: The Belgian Officer Who Used the Skulls of Africans to Decorate His Garden in Leopold’s Congo

Léon Rom was a Belgian colonial officer who served in the Congo Free State during the late 19th century and became notorious for his brutality. As a commander in King Leopold II’s Force Publique, Rom reportedly decorated his station...

Rev. Charles Turner Torrey: The American Pastor Sentenced to Prison and Left to Die for Freeing Enslaved Africans

Charles Turner Torrey was an American pastor, journalist, and one of the most daring and politically-minded abolitionists of the 19th century. He played a major role in the fight against slavery by organizing direct actions to help enslaved Africans...

Zappo Zaps: The Mercenaries Who Enforced King Leopold’s Deadly Rubber Quota in the Congo Free State

From 1885 to 1908, DR Congo was transformed into a massive forced labor camp. This territory, then known as the Congo Free State, was unlike any other colony in Africa. It wasn’t controlled by a government or a European...

Kadungure Mapondera: The African Chief Who Led an Uprising Against British Rule and Paid With His Life

Chief Kadungure Mapondera was a Shona leader who led one of the most determined early armed uprisings against British colonial domination in the early 20th century. At a time when much of the region today known as Zimbabwe was...

Duluth lynchings: How a White Girl’s False Accusation Led to the Lynching of Three Black Circus Workers in 1920

On the night of June 15, 1920, a white mob in Duluth, Minnesota, dragged three African-American circus workers from jail, Elias Clayton, Elmer Jackson, and Isaac McGhie, and lynched them in front of thousands. The men had been falsely...
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The Devil of Haiti: Jean-Baptiste de Caradeux, the French Slaver Nicknamed “The Cruel” for His Brutality Against Enslaved Africans

Jean-Baptiste de Caradeux de La Caye remains one of the most despised figures in the history of French Saint-Domingue,...
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