List of African Countries and Their Capitals (Updated)

The African continent is home to a diverse array of nations, each with its own rich history, culture, and government. In this comprehensive list, we present the African countries alongside their respective capitals, showcasing the geographical and political diversity that exists across the continent. From the bustling urban centers to the serene coastal towns and the vibrant inland cities, this compilation provides a glimpse into the administrative hubs that shape the governance and identity of each African nation.

Northern African Countries and their Capitals

Below are the capitals of the various countries located in the North African region of Africa.

1. Algeria – Algiers

Algiers, the capital of Algeria, is a vibrant coastal city known for its unique blend of European and African influences. It is home to stunning architecture, such as the iconic Casbah quarter and the historic Notre-Dame d’Afrique basilica. With its bustling markets, lively waterfront, and rich history, Algiers offers visitors a captivating mix of cultures and a glimpse into Algeria’s past and present. At the helm of the country is President Abdelmadjid Tebboune, recognized as one of Africa’s oldest president .

2. Ceuta – N/A (Autonomous city governed by Spain)

Ceuta is an autonomous city located on the northern coast of Africa and is governed by Spain. It serves as an important trading port and is known for its strategic location at the entrance of the Strait of Gibraltar. Ceuta offers a fascinating blend of Spanish and Moroccan cultures, with a unique mix of architecture, cuisine, and traditions.

3. Egypt – Cairo

Cairo, the capital of Egypt, is a bustling metropolis that stands as a gateway to the ancient wonders of the country. It is home to iconic landmarks such as the Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the Egyptian Museum, which houses a vast collection of artifacts from ancient Egypt. Cairo’s vibrant street life, bustling markets, and historic neighborhoods like Islamic Cairo make it a captivating destination for travelers seeking a blend of ancient history and modern charm.

4. Libya – Tripoli

Tripoli, the capital of Libya, is a city with a rich history and cultural heritage. It showcases a blend of Arab, Ottoman, and Italian influences reflected in its architecture, cuisine, and traditions. Visitors can explore historical sites like the Arch of Marcus Aurelius, the Red Castle (Assaraya Alhamra), and the bustling Old City (Medina). Despite recent challenges, Tripoli remains an important cultural and economic center in Libya.

5. Melilla – N/A (Autonomous city governed by Spain)

Melilla is an autonomous city located on the northern coast of Africa and is governed by Spain. It boasts a unique mix of Spanish, Moroccan, and Berber influences, creating a vibrant cultural tapestry. Melilla is known for its stunning architecture, including the Melilla La Vieja, a fortified old town, and beautiful beaches that attract visitors looking for sun, sand, and a blend of cultures.

6. Morocco – Rabat

Rabat, the capital of Morocco, is a city that beautifully combines history, modernity, and traditional Moroccan charm. It is home to important landmarks such as the Royal Palace, the Hassan Tower, and the picturesque Kasbah of the Udayas. Rabat’s relaxed atmosphere, wide boulevards, and vibrant markets make it an inviting destination for travelers seeking an authentic Moroccan experience.

7. Sudan – Khartoum

Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, is a dynamic city situated at the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers. It offers a unique blend of African, Arab, and Islamic cultures. Visitors can explore historical sites like the National Museum of Sudan, visit vibrant markets, or take a stroll along the Nile promenade. Khartoum serves as a hub for Sudan’s political, economic, and cultural activities.

8. Tunisia – Tunis

Tunis, the capital of Tunisia, is a city that seamlessly blends its ancient heritage with modern developments. It boasts a rich history reflected in its UNESCO-listed Medina, where visitors can wander through labyrinthine streets, explore vibrant souks, and visit historical landmarks like the Al-Zaytuna Mosque and the Bardo Museum. Tunis offers a mix of traditional architecture, bustling markets, and a lively street culture that captivates travelers.

9. Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic – N/A (The capital is claimed to be El-Aaiún):

The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) claims El-Aaiún as its capital. However, the region is a subject of ongoing territorial dispute and is currently administered by Morocco. El-Aaiún is located in Western Sahara, characterized by its desert landscapes and rich Sahrawi culture.

Eastern African Countries and their Capitals

Below are the capitals of the various countries located in the East African region of Africa.

1. Burundi – Bujumbura

Bujumbura is the capital and largest city of Burundi. Situated on the northeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika, it serves as the country’s political, economic, and cultural center. Bujumbura offers a vibrant mix of African and colonial influences, with a picturesque waterfront, bustling markets, and historical landmarks.

2. Comoros – Moroni

Moroni is the capital and largest city of the Comoros, an archipelago nation located in the Indian Ocean. It is situated on the island of Grande Comore and serves as the administrative, economic, and cultural hub of the country. Moroni boasts beautiful beaches, a charming old town, and a lively atmosphere showcasing the local Comorian culture.

3. Djibouti – Djibouti City

Djibouti City is the capital and largest city of Djibouti, a small country located in the Horn of Africa. It is strategically positioned at the southern entrance of the Red Sea and serves as a major port and trading hub. Djibouti City offers a blend of traditional African and modern influences, with bustling markets, historic sites, and stunning landscapes. Ismaïl Omar Guelleh is the current President of Djibouti. He has been in office since 1999, making him one of the longest-serving rulers in Africa.

4. Eritrea – Asmara

Asmara is the capital and largest city of Eritrea, a country located in the Horn of Africa. Known for its well-preserved Italian colonial architecture, Asmara showcases a unique blend of African and European influences. The city is home to elegant boulevards, vibrant cafes, and cultural sites, making it a fascinating destination for history and architecture enthusiasts.

5. Ethiopia – Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa is the capital and largest city of Ethiopia, a country known for its rich cultural heritage and historical significance. Situated in the central part of the country, Addis Ababa serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of Ethiopia. The city offers a mix of modern and traditional elements, with bustling markets, museums, and landmarks that reflect Ethiopia’s diverse heritage.

6. Kenya – Nairobi

Nairobi is the capital and largest city of Kenya, a country located in East Africa. It serves as the economic and political hub of the nation, offering a vibrant mix of urban life, wildlife conservation, and cultural experiences. Nairobi is renowned for its national parks, such as Nairobi National Park, where visitors can spot wildlife just a stone’s throw away from the city center.

7. Madagascar – Antananarivo

Antananarivo, often referred to as Tana, is the capital and largest city of Madagascar. Located in the central highlands of the island nation, Antananarivo showcases a blend of Malagasy traditions, colonial architecture, and stunning natural beauty. The city is known for its bustling markets, historic sites, and panoramic views of the surrounding landscapes.

8. Malawi – Lilongwe

Lilongwe is the capital and largest city of Malawi, a landlocked country in southeastern Africa. Situated in the central region of the country, Lilongwe serves as the administrative and economic center. The city offers a mix of modern infrastructure, cultural heritage, and natural attractions, including the beautiful Lilongwe Wildlife Center and the picturesque Lake Malawi.

9. Mauritius – Port Louis

Port Louis is the capital and largest city of Mauritius, an island nation in the Indian Ocean. Located on the northwest coast of the main island, Port Louis is a vibrant cosmopolitan city known for its bustling markets, historical landmarks, and picturesque waterfront. The city also serves as a gateway to Mauritius’ stunning beaches and natural wonders.

10. Mayotte – Mamoudzou

Mamoudzou is the capital and largest city of Mayotte, an overseas department and region of France located in the Indian Ocean. The city offers a blend of French and Comorian influences, with charming streets, colorful markets, and stunning coastal scenery. Mamoudzou serves as the economic and administrative center of Mayotte.

11. Mozambique – Maputo

Maputo is the capital and largest city of Mozambique, a country located on the southeastern coast of Africa. Situated near the Indian Ocean, Maputo is known for its vibrant cultural scene, colonial architecture, and beautiful beaches. The city offers a lively atmosphere, with bustling markets, lively nightlife, and a rich blend of African, Portuguese, and Arab influences.

12. Reunion – Saint-Denis

Saint-Denis is the capital and largest city of Reunion, an overseas department and region of France in the Indian Ocean. The city is situated on the northern coast of the island and offers a mix of French and Creole influences. Saint-Denis is known for its colonial architecture, vibrant markets, and stunning natural landscapes, including the nearby Piton de la Fournaise volcano.

13. Rwanda – Kigali

Kigali is the capital and largest city of Rwanda, a landlocked country in East Africa. It is known for its remarkable transformation following the devastating genocide in 1994. Today, Kigali is a clean, safe, and modern city with a thriving cultural scene and a focus on sustainable development. The city offers a blend of urban attractions, including museums, markets, and memorial sites.

14. Seychelles – Victoria

Victoria is the capital and largest city of Seychelles, an archipelago nation located in the Indian Ocean. Situated on the main island of Mahé, Victoria serves as the economic, political, and cultural center of the country. The city boasts beautiful beaches, vibrant markets, and colonial architecture, offering visitors a glimpse into the unique Seychellois way of life.

15. Somalia – Mogadishu

Mogadishu is the capital and largest city of Somalia, a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is situated on the country’s eastern coastline, overlooking the Indian Ocean. Mogadishu is known for its rich history, ancient architecture, and bustling markets. Despite challenges, the city is slowly regaining its status as a cultural and economic center.

16. South Sudan – Juba

Juba is the capital and largest city of South Sudan, the youngest country in Africa. Situated on the White Nile River, Juba serves as the economic and administrative center of the nation. The city offers a mix of urban development and natural beauty, with cultural sites, markets, and proximity to wildlife reserves.

17. Tanzania – Dodoma

Dodoma is the designated capital of Tanzania, a country located in East Africa. It serves as the political and administrative capital, although Dar es Salaam remains the largest city and commercial hub. Dodoma is known for its government institutions, historic landmarks, and its central location in the heart of Tanzania.

18. Uganda – Kampala

Kampala is the capital and largest city of Uganda, a country located in East Africa. Situated on the shores of Lake Victoria, Kampala is a bustling metropolis that offers a blend of modern amenities, historical landmarks, and cultural experiences. The city is known for its vibrant markets, lively nightlife, and friendly atmosphere.

Central African Countries and their Capitals

Below are the capitals of the various countries located in Central Africa.

1. Angola – Luanda

Luanda is the capital and largest city of Angola. Situated on the Atlantic coast, it is a vibrant and bustling city known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning architecture. Luanda serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country, offering a mix of modern infrastructure and historical landmarks. The city is home to diverse communities, and its lively atmosphere, vibrant markets, and beautiful waterfront make it a fascinating destination to explore.

2. Cameroon – Yaoundé

Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon, is located in the central region of the country. It is a dynamic city with a blend of modernity and traditional African culture. Yaoundé is known for its lush greenery, hilly landscapes, and pleasant climate. The city houses numerous government institutions, diplomatic missions, and cultural attractions. Visitors can explore the National Museum, beautiful parks and gardens, vibrant markets, and experience the warm hospitality of the Cameroonian people.

3. Central African Republic – Bangui

Bangui is the capital and largest city of the Central African Republic. It is situated on the banks of the Ubangi River and serves as the country’s administrative, economic, and cultural hub. Bangui offers a mix of colonial architecture, vibrant markets, and natural beauty. Visitors can explore the fascinating Boganda Museum, visit the impressive Notre-Dame Cathedral, and enjoy the picturesque landscapes along the riverfront. Despite the challenges faced by the country, the people of Bangui are known for their resilience and hospitality.

4. Chad – N’Djamena

N’Djamena, the capital city of Chad, is located in the southwestern part of the country along the Chari River. It is a bustling city known for its lively markets, cultural diversity, and historical landmarks. N’Djamena serves as the economic and administrative center of Chad and is home to various government institutions, universities, and international organizations. Visitors can explore the vibrant Grand Marché, visit the beautiful National Museum, and experience the rich traditions and vibrant music scene of the city.

5. Democratic Republic of Congo – Kinshasa

Kinshasa, the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of Congo, is situated on the banks of the Congo River. It is a vibrant and bustling metropolis known for its lively music and dance culture, bustling markets, and lively street life. Kinshasa offers a mix of colonial-era architecture, modern skyscrapers, and vibrant neighborhoods. Visitors can explore the vibrant neighborhoods of Matonge and Gombe, visit the National Museum of Congo, and experience the city’s vibrant nightlife and music scene.

6. Republic of Congo – Brazzaville

Brazzaville is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Congo, situated on the banks of the Congo River, directly across from Kinshasa. It is a city with a relaxed and friendly atmosphere, characterized by its colorful markets, tree-lined boulevards, and stunning river views. Brazzaville is known for its vibrant music scene, where visitors can immerse themselves in the sounds of Congolese rumba. The city also offers historical landmarks like the Basilique Sainte-Anne and the Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza Memorial, honoring the city’s namesake.

7. Equatorial Guinea – Malabo

Malabo is the capital and largest city of Equatorial Guinea, located on the northern coast of Bioko Island. It is a beautiful city with a mix of colonial architecture, picturesque landscapes, and a vibrant cultural scene. Malabo serves as the economic and administrative center of the country and is known for its stunning waterfront views, colorful buildings, and lively markets. Visitors can explore landmarks like the

Malabo Cathedral, visit the fascinating Malabo National Park, and enjoy the local cuisine and traditional music.

8. Gabon – Libreville

Libreville is the capital and largest city of Gabon, situated on the Atlantic coast. It is a cosmopolitan city known for its beautiful beaches, lush tropical landscapes, and modern infrastructure. Libreville serves as the economic, cultural, and administrative center of Gabon and is home to numerous government institutions, international organizations, and diplomatic missions. Visitors can explore the bustling Mont-Bouët Market, visit the fascinating Museum of Art and Culture, and relax on the stunning beaches of Pointe-Denis.

9. São Tomé and Príncipe – São Tomé

São Tomé is the capital and largest city of São Tomé and Príncipe, an island nation located in the Gulf of Guinea. It is situated on the northern coast of São Tomé Island and serves as the economic, cultural, and administrative center of the country. São Tomé offers a charming mix of Portuguese colonial architecture, colorful markets, and beautiful natural landscapes. Visitors can explore landmarks like the São Tomé Cathedral, visit the fascinating National Museum, and relax on the pristine beaches surrounding the city.

Southern African Countries and their Capitals

Below are the capitals of the various countries in Southern African.

1. Botswana – Gaborone

Gaborone, located in southeastern Botswana, is the capital and largest city of the country. As the political and economic center, Gaborone boasts modern infrastructure, bustling markets, and a vibrant cultural scene. The city is known for its striking architecture, including iconic landmarks like the Three Dikgosi Monument and the National Assembly Building. Gaborone is also home to several educational institutions, government offices, and international organizations, making it an important hub for commerce and diplomacy.

2. Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) – Mbabane

Mbabane, nestled in the western highlands of Eswatini, is the administrative capital and one of the largest cities in the country. Surrounded by scenic mountains, Mbabane offers a picturesque setting and a relaxed atmosphere. The city is known for its vibrant arts and crafts scene, with numerous markets and galleries showcasing local talent. Visitors can explore cultural attractions such as the Swaziland National Museum and the Swazi Candle Factory, as well as enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and wildlife viewing in nearby nature reserves.

3. Zimbabwe – Harare

Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe, is a bustling metropolis situated in the northeastern part of the country. With its mix of modern buildings and colonial architecture, Harare showcases the rich history and diverse culture of Zimbabwe. The city is home to many important institutions, including government offices, museums, and universities. Visitors can explore attractions such as the National Gallery of Zimbabwe, Mbare Market, and the iconic African Unity Square. Harare also offers a vibrant nightlife and a range of dining options featuring both local and international cuisine.

4. Lesotho – Maseru

Maseru, located in the western lowlands of Lesotho, is the capital and largest city of the country. Nestled along the Caledon River, Maseru offers a mix of urban conveniences and natural beauty. The city features a blend of traditional and modern architecture, with landmarks like the Mokorotlo Building and the Royal Palace showcasing Lesotho’s rich heritage. Visitors can explore cultural sites such as the Thaba-Bosiu Cultural Village and enjoy recreational activities like hiking in the surrounding mountains. Maseru is also a gateway to exploring Lesotho’s stunning landscapes, including the iconic Sani Pass.

5. Namibia – Windhoek

Windhoek, situated in the central highlands of Namibia, serves as the capital and largest city of the country. Known for its unique blend of German colonial and African influences, Windhoek offers a fascinating cultural experience. The city boasts a mix of modern and historical landmarks, including the Christuskirche, the Tintenpalast (Ink Palace), and the Namibia Craft Centre. Visitors can immerse themselves in Namibia’s rich history by exploring the Alte Feste Museum and the Heroes’ Acre. Windhoek also serves as a gateway to exploring Namibia’s stunning natural wonders, such as the Namib Desert and Etosha National Park.

6. South Africa – Pretoria (executive capital), Cape Town (legislative capital), Bloemfontein (judicial capital)

South Africa, a diverse and vibrant country, has three capital cities. Pretoria, located in the northeastern part of the country, is the executive capital and serves as the administrative hub. It is home to the Union Buildings, which house the offices of the President and other government departments. Cape Town, situated along the southwestern coast, is the legislative capital and is known for its iconic Table Mountain, vibrant waterfront, and historical landmarks like the Castle of Good Hope. Bloemfontein, located in central South Africa on the southern edge of the Highveld is the country’s “judicial capital”.

Western African Countries and their Capitals

Below are the capitals of the various countries located in the west African sub region of Africa.

1. Benin – Porto-Novo

Porto-Novo is the official capital of Benin. Located in the southeastern part of the country, it serves as the administrative center and houses government institutions. Porto-Novo is known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and vibrant markets that showcase the local traditions and crafts of Benin.

2. Burkina Faso – Ouagadougou

Ouagadougou is the capital and largest city of Burkina Faso. Situated in the central part of the country, it serves as the political, economic, and cultural hub of Burkina Faso. Ouagadougou is home to government institutions, international organizations, and a thriving arts scene, with festivals celebrating music, film, and traditional dance.

3. Cape Verde – Praia

Praia is the capital city of Cape Verde, located on the southern coast of the island of Santiago. As the economic and administrative center of the country, Praia is known for its picturesque beaches, vibrant cultural scene, and colonial architecture. It offers a mix of traditional and modern influences, making it a fascinating destination for visitors.

4. Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast) – Yamoussoukro

Yamoussoukro is the official capital of Côte d’Ivoire, although Abidjan remains the economic center of the country. Yamoussoukro is known for its iconic Basilica of Our Lady of Peace, a grand Roman Catholic church that is one of the largest religious buildings in the world. The city also hosts government institutions and showcases the rich cultural heritage of Côte d’Ivoire.

5. The Gambia – Banjul

Banjul is the capital and largest city of The Gambia, a small West African country. Situated on the Atlantic coast, Banjul is known for its vibrant markets, colonial-era architecture, and lively cultural scene. The city serves as the administrative and economic center of The Gambia, offering a mix of traditional Gambian culture and modern influences.

6. Ghana – Accra

Accra is the capital and largest city of Ghana. Situated on the Atlantic coast, it serves as the economic, political, and cultural center of the country. Accra is known for its bustling markets, vibrant arts scene, and historic landmarks such as the Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Park. The city showcases Ghana’s rich cultural heritage and offers a blend of traditional and modern attractions.

7. Guinea – Conakry

Conakry is the capital and largest city of Guinea. Located on the Atlantic coast, it serves as the economic and cultural hub of the country. Conakry is known for its lively markets, vibrant music and dance scene, and historic landmarks such as the Guinea National Museum. The city offers a glimpse into Guinea’s diverse ethnic groups and their traditions.

8. Guinea-Bissau – Bissau

Bissau is the capital and largest city of Guinea-Bissau, located on the Atlantic coast. As the economic and administrative center of the country, Bissau showcases the cultural diversity of Guinea-Bissau through its markets, museums, and traditional festivals. The city offers a mix of colonial architecture and vibrant street life, reflecting the unique character of the nation.

9. Liberia – Monrovia

Monrovia is the capital and largest city of Liberia, situated on the Atlantic coast. As the economic and political center of the country, Monrovia is known for its vibrant markets, historic landmarks, and cultural festivals. The city showcases Liberia’s rich history, with museums and memorials that reflect the struggles and resilience of the nation.

10. Mali – Bamako

Bamako is the capital and largest city of Mali. Situated on the Niger River, it serves as the economic, cultural, and administrative center of the country. Bamako is known for its bustling markets, vibrant music scene, and cultural festivals that celebrate Mali’s diverse ethnic groups. The city offers a mix of traditional Malian culture and modern amenities.

11. Mauritania – Nouakchott

Nouakchott is the capital and largest city of Mauritania, located on the Atlantic coast. As the economic and administrative center of the country, Nouakchott showcases the unique blend of traditional Moorish culture and modern influences. The city is known for its bustling markets, sandy beaches, and the picturesque fishing village of Port de Pêche.

12. Niger – Niamey

Niamey is the capital and largest city of Niger, situated on the banks of the Niger River. As the economic and cultural center of the country, Niamey offers a vibrant mix of traditional markets, modern infrastructure, and cultural festivals. The city is known for its lively music scene and hosts events that showcase Nigerien traditions and arts.

13. Nigeria – Abuja

Abuja is the capital city of Nigeria, located in the center of the country. Designed as a purpose-built capital, Abuja is known for its modern infrastructure, government institutions, and diplomatic presence. The city offers a blend of modern architecture, green spaces, and cultural attractions, including the Nigerian National Mosque and Nigerian National Museum.

14. Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha – Jamestown

Jamestown is the capital and main settlement of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha. Located on the island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean, Jamestown is known for its historical significance, including being the final resting place of Napoleon Bonaparte. The town’s colonial charm, with its Georgian buildings and picturesque harbor, attracts visitors from around the world.

15. Senegal – Dakar

Dakar is the capital and largest city of Senegal, situated on the Cap-Vert Peninsula on the Atlantic coast. As the economic and cultural center of the country, Dakar offers a vibrant mix of traditional Senegalese culture, modern development, and stunning coastal landscapes. The city is known for its lively markets, vibrant music scene, and historical sites like the African Renaissance Monument.

16. Sierra Leone – Freetown

Freetown is the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone, located on the Atlantic coast. Known for its historical significance as a settlement for freed slaves, Freetown offers a mix of cultural heritage, stunning beaches, and vibrant markets. The city is home to notable landmarks such as the Cotton Tree, Sierra Leone National Museum, and Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary.

17. Togo – Lomé

Lomé is the capital and largest city of Togo, situated on the Gulf of Guinea. As the economic and administrative center of the country, Lomé showcases a blend of traditional Togolese culture, modern development, and colonial architecture. The city is known for its bustling markets, palm-lined beaches, and vibrant music scene, offering visitors a taste of Togo’s rich cultural heritage.