Slavery in the US

Remembering the Elaine Massacre of 1919: America’s Bloodiest Racial Conflict that Targeted Black Americans

The Elaine massacre, which took place from September 30 to October 2, 1919, at Hoop Spur near Elaine in rural Phillips County, Arkansas, stands as one of the most brutal racial confrontations in American history.

Tuskegee Syphilis Study: The US Government’s Infamous 40-Year Experiment on African Americans

For 40 years, from 1932 to 1972, the United States government conducted a controversial and unethical experiment known as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. This study targeted a vulnerable population - African American men - and exploited their trust, resulting in tragic consequences.

Anti-literacy Laws in the United States Once Prevented Blacks from Getting an Education

Fearing that black literacy would prove a threat to the slave system, whites in many colonies instituted laws forbidding slaves to learn to read or write and making it a crime for others to teach them.

Lena Baker: The Black Maid Who Was Sentenced to the Electric Chair for Defending Herself Against her Rapist Employer

Lena Baker was an African American maid in Cuthbert, Georgia, USA, who was unfairly convicted of killing her white rapist employer, Ernest Knight. In 1945, she was executed by electrocution, making her the only woman in Georgia's history to have been put to death in this manner.

Gabriel’s Rebellion: The Slave Rebellion That Was Betrayed by Two Enslaved Informants

Gabriel's Rebellion was a significant event in American history, representing a courageous attempt by enslaved Africans to secure their freedom in the face of oppressive bondage. However, the rebellion was ultimately thwarted by the actions of two enslaved informants who betrayed Gabriel and his followers.

Isabella Gibbons: The African Woman Enslaved by Professors at the University of Virginia

Isabella Gibbons, born around 1836, holds a significant place in history as an African woman who endured the hardships of slavery while working as a cook at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville.

African Kingdoms that Actively Participated in the Transatlantic Slave Trade.

While European slave traders were the driving force behind this brutal system, they were not the only participants. African societies also played a role in the capture, sale, and transport of enslaved people.

Drapetomania: Enslaved Africans Fleeing Captivity Was Once Considered a Mental Disorder

Drapetomania was a conjectural mental illness that, in 1851, American physician Samuel A. Cartwright hypothesized as the cause of enslaved Africans fleeing captivity. The concept of Drapetomania was proposed by Dr. Samuel A. Cartwright, an American physician, in the mid-19th...

Doctor Caesar: The Enslaved African Who Was Freed in Exchange for Revealing His Poison Antidote in South Carolina in 1750

Doctor Caesar was an enslaved African man who made a name for himself as a gifted healer in colonial South Carolina during the mid-18th century. His expertise proved to be particularly valuable when he discovered an antidote for poisons...

Samuel Green, the Abolitionist Who Was Convicted for Possessing a Copy of an Anti-slavery Novel

Samuel Green was an African-American self-emancipated abolitionist who was jailed in 1857 for possessing a copy of the anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
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Alexandre Lindo: The Most Notorious Jamaican Jewish Slave Trader of the 18th Century

The transatlantic slave trade is rife with figures who, through their actions, defined the brutal systems of commerce that...