Slavery in the US

Nathan “Nearest” Green: The Enslaved African Who Taught Jack Daniel the Art of Whiskey

Nathan “Nearest” Green is one of the most influential, yet long-overlooked, figures in the history of American whiskey. Born into slavery in the early 19th century, Green’s extraordinary skill as a distiller became the cornerstone of what would grow...

“Slaves, Obey Your Masters”: How the Church Used the Bible to Break the Spirit of Enslaved Africans and Instill Docility

In the brutal world of slavery, where whips tore skin and families were auctioned, and bred like cattle, the most powerful weapon wasn’t always the lash, it was the Bible. Through sermons, laws, and redacted scripture, Christianity which was...

Fancy Girls: How Light-Skinned Enslaved Girls Were Bought and Sold for Sex in 19th Century America

The term “fancy girls” refers to light-skinned enslaved biracial or african girls who were sold for the purpose of sexual exploitation and concubinage during the antebellum period in the United States. These young girls, many of them barely into their...

The Untold Story of How African Rice Farmers Were Hunted, Stolen, and Enslaved on American Rice Plantations

When we think of the transatlantic slave trade, the brutality of capture, forced transport, and unpaid labour is rightly at the forefront. But what’s often overlooked is how targeted and strategic this system was. Enslavement wasn’t random. European slavers...

Boston Vigilance Committee: The Heroes Who Protected Escaped Slaves from Capture and Return to Slavery

The Boston Vigilance Committee, formed in 1841, was a rugged organization in the abolitionist movement in Massachusetts. Its mission was simple: to protect escaped enslaved Africans from being captured and returned to slavery in the Southern United States. Operating...

The Untold Story of Shields Green: The Abolitionist Who Was Hanged for Attempting to Free Enslaved Africans

Shields Green, also known as “Emperor,” was one of the most enigmatic figures in the fight against slavery in the United States. An escaped slave from Charleston, South Carolina, Green became a close associate of abolitionist Frederick Douglass and...

Franklin & Armfield: The Two Men Who Built the Largest and Most Profitable Slave Trading Firm in U.S. History

Isaac Franklin and John Armfield were not just slave traders; they were industrialists of human misery and were the most influential and ruthless slave traders in the history of the United States. Operating in the 1820s and 1830s, they...

Ellen Bordon: The Woman Who Tortured an Enslaved Woman to Death in a Jealous Rage

In September, 1855, the town of Franklin, Tennessee, was shaken by one of the most horrifying acts of cruelty ever recorded. A woman named Ellen Bordon, driven by jealousy over her husband’s attention to an enslaved Black woman in...

Born Enslaved, Destined to Sing: The Story of Elizabeth Greenfield

Elizabeth Greenfield, known as “The Black Swan,” was one of the most remarkable vocalists of the 19th century. Born into slavery in Natchez, Mississippi, sometime between 1808 and 1826, she overcame immense racial and social barriers to become the...

Henry Brown: The Enslaved African Who Escaped Slavery By Mailing Himself to Freedom

Throughout the history of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, many enslaved Africans were forced to live their lives without ever experiencing freedom. However, the innate human desire for self-determination remained unyielding, leading many to seek freedom through the Underground Railroad...
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The Battle of Annual: How Spain Lost Over 13,000 Troops in Its Worst Military Defeat in Africa

On 22 July 1921, in the mountainous terrain of northeastern Morocco, the Spanish Empire suffered its most devastating military...